Oil Tanker Ship Jobs
An oil tanker or petroleum tanker is a merchant ship designed for the bulk shipping of oil. There are two main categories of oil tankers the crude tankers and the product tankers. The crude tankers carry large quantities of unrefined crude oil from its location of extraction in the offshore oil and gas field to nearby refineries. The product tankers usually are much smaller and designed to transport refined products from shore refineries to storage place near petroleum demanding markets.
Oil tankers are generally categorised by their size and their activity. The categories of oil tankers size array from inland tankers or coastal tankers of only some thousand metric tons of deadweight (DWT) to the massive ultra large crude carriers (ULCCs) of 550,000 DWT. Oil tankers transports above 2,000,000,000 metric tons i.e, 2.2×109 short tons of oil each year.
Oil tankers carry oil throughout the world only after the pipelines when compared to capacity, which is far above the oil transportation by road and rail. The usual expense of oil transportation by oil tankers cost only between two to three United States cents per one US gallon.
In super tankers a series of tanks are sub divided by bulk heads the main tanks, the port tanks and the starboard tanks. In large size tankers tanks are generally divided into three compartments which extend the width of the ship’s hull and as many as forty compartments that extend the length of the ship’s hull. The reason is to prevent cargo sloshing and to provide more stability. The only purpose of oil tankers is to carry oil as much as possible to its destination.
With a dead weight tonnage of more than 564'000, the "Jahre Viking" is the world's largest oil tanker. Measuring 1,504 feet in length, she is over 250 feet longer than the Empire State Building is tall.
Longer in size than a luxury cruise liner, longer and heavier than an aircraft carrier now double hulled oil tankers are used for only one purpose to transport as much as crude oil from oil well in offshore fields to the refineries in different regions of the world. An outer hull to face the force of the collision and inner hull to contain the oil cargo safely.
Another likely hazard is metal stress for super tankers because of their mammoth size. It will flex, strain and twist in the ocean swells. Metal deck will expand and contract as the vessel travels from the desert heat of Saudi Arabia to the freezing water of south Atlantic.
Apart from the pipeline, the tanker ships are the cheapest means to transport oil in today’s world. Internationally, tankers transports some more than 2 billion barrels (3.2×1011 l) yearly, and the rate of transportation by tanker amounts to only US$0.02 per gallon at the fuel pump station. Apart from other considerations there is one simple economical benefit, the larger an oil tanker is, the more cheaply it can move crude oil and the better it can help meet increasing requirement of oil.
An Aframax tanker ship is an oil tanker smaller than 120,000 metric tonnes and with a breadth not greater than 32.31 meters and consequently would have been able to transit through the original Panama canal. The Aframax word is based on the Average Freight Rate Assessment (AFRA) a tanker rate system developed in 1954 by Shell Oil which classifies tankers of various sizes.
Panamax and New Panamax or Neopanamax are words for the dimension limits for ships transiting the Panama Canal. Suezmax is a term for the largest ship size capable of travelling through the Suez Canal in a loaded condition and is almost always used to mention tankers.
